Schema Reference

This page documents all available properties and types for the Taskfile schema version 3, based on the official JSON schema.

Root Schema

The root Taskfile schema defines the structure of your main Taskfile.yml.

`version`

Type: string or number
Required: Yes
Valid values: "3", 3, or any valid semver string
Description: Version of the Taskfile schema

yaml

version: '3'

`output`

Type: string or object
Default: interleaved
Options: interleaved, group, prefixed
Description: Controls how task output is displayed

yaml

# Simple string format
output: group

# Advanced object format
output:
  group:
    begin: "::group::{{.TASK}}"
    end: "::endgroup::"
    error_only: false

`method`

Type: string
Default: checksum
Options: checksum, timestamp, none
Description: Default method for checking if tasks are up-to-date

yaml

method: timestamp

`includes`

Type: map[string]Include
Description: Include other Taskfiles

yaml

includes:
  # Simple string format
  docs: ./Taskfile.yml

  # Full object format
  backend:
    taskfile: ./backend
    dir: ./backend
    optional: false
    flatten: false
    internal: false
    aliases: [api]
    excludes: [internal-task]
    vars:
      SERVICE_NAME: backend
    checksum: abc123...

`vars`

Type: map[string]Variable
Description: Global variables available to all tasks

yaml

vars:
  # Simple values
  APP_NAME: myapp
  VERSION: 1.0.0
  DEBUG: true
  PORT: 8080
  FEATURES: [auth, logging]

  # Dynamic variables
  COMMIT_HASH:
    sh: git rev-parse HEAD

  # Variable references
  BUILD_VERSION:
    ref: VERSION

  # Map variables
  CONFIG:
    map:
      database: postgres
      cache: redis

`env`

Type: map[string]Variable
Description: Global environment variables

yaml

env:
  NODE_ENV: production
  DATABASE_URL:
    sh: echo $DATABASE_URL

`tasks`

Type: map[string]Task
Description: Task definitions

yaml

tasks:
  # Simple string format
  hello: echo "Hello World"

  # Array format
  build:
    - go mod tidy
    - go build ./...

  # Full object format
  deploy:
    desc: Deploy the application
    cmds:
      - ./scripts/deploy.sh

`silent`

Type: bool
Default: false
Description: Suppress task name and command output by default

yaml

silent: true

`dotenv`

Type: []string
Description: Load environment variables from .env files

yaml

dotenv:
  - .env
  - .env.local

`run`

Type: string
Default: always
Options: always, once, when_changed
Description: Default execution behavior for tasks

yaml

run: once

`interval`

Type: string
Default: 100ms
Pattern: ^[0-9]+(?:m|s|ms)$
Description: Watch interval for file changes

yaml

interval: 1s

`set`

Type: []string
Options: allexport, a, errexit, e, noexec, n, noglob, f, nounset, u, xtrace, x, pipefail
Description: POSIX shell options for all commands

yaml

set: [errexit, nounset, pipefail]

`shopt`

Type: []string
Options: expand_aliases, globstar, nullglob
Description: Bash shell options for all commands

yaml

shopt: [globstar]

Include

Configuration for including external Taskfiles.

`taskfile`

Type: string
Required: Yes
Description: Path to the Taskfile or directory to include

yaml

includes:
  backend: ./backend/Taskfile.yml
  # Shorthand for above
  frontend: ./frontend

`dir`

Type: string
Description: Working directory for included tasks

yaml

includes:
  api:
    taskfile: ./api
    dir: ./api

`optional`

Type: bool
Default: false
Description: Don't error if the included file doesn't exist

yaml

includes:
  optional-tasks:
    taskfile: ./optional.yml
    optional: true

`flatten`

Type: bool
Default: false
Description: Include tasks without namespace prefix

yaml

includes:
  common:
    taskfile: ./common.yml
    flatten: true

`internal`

Type: bool
Default: false
Description: Hide included tasks from command line and --list

yaml

includes:
  internal:
    taskfile: ./internal.yml
    internal: true

`aliases`

Type: []string
Description: Alternative names for the namespace

yaml

includes:
  database:
    taskfile: ./db.yml
    aliases: [db, data]

`excludes`

Type: []string
Description: Tasks to exclude from inclusion

yaml

includes:
  shared:
    taskfile: ./shared.yml
    excludes: [internal-setup, debug-only]

`vars`

Type: map[string]Variable
Description: Variables to pass to the included Taskfile

yaml

includes:
  deploy:
    taskfile: ./deploy.yml
    vars:
      ENVIRONMENT: production

`checksum`

Type: string
Description: Expected checksum of the included file

yaml

includes:
  remote:
    taskfile: https://example.com/tasks.yml
    checksum: c153e97e0b3a998a7ed2e61064c6ddaddd0de0c525feefd6bba8569827d8efe9

Variable

Variables support multiple types and can be static values, dynamic commands, references, or maps.

Static Variables

yaml

vars:
  # String
  APP_NAME: myapp
  # Number
  PORT: 8080
  # Boolean
  DEBUG: true
  # Array
  FEATURES: [auth, logging, metrics]
  # Null
  OPTIONAL_VAR: null

Dynamic Variables (`sh`)

yaml

vars:
  COMMIT_HASH:
    sh: git rev-parse HEAD
  BUILD_TIME:
    sh: date -u +"%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%SZ"

Variable References (`ref`)

yaml

vars:
  BASE_VERSION: 1.0.0
  FULL_VERSION:
    ref: BASE_VERSION

Map Variables (`map`)

yaml

vars:
  CONFIG:
    map:
      database:
        host: localhost
        port: 5432
      cache:
        type: redis
        ttl: 3600

Variable Ordering

Variables can reference previously defined variables:

yaml

vars:
  GREETING: Hello
  TARGET: World
  MESSAGE: '{{.GREETING}} {{.TARGET}}!'

Task

Individual task configuration with multiple syntax options.

Simple Task Formats

yaml

tasks:
  # String command
  hello: echo "Hello World"

  # Array of commands
  build:
    - go mod tidy
    - go build ./...

  # Object with cmd shorthand
  test:
    cmd: go test ./...

Task Properties

`cmds`

Type: []Command
Description: Commands to execute

yaml

tasks:
  build:
    cmds:
      - go build ./...
      - echo "Build complete"

`cmd`

Type: string
Description: Single command (alternative to cmds)

yaml

tasks:
  test:
    cmd: go test ./...

`deps`

Type: []Dependency
Description: Tasks to run before this task

yaml

tasks:
  # Simple dependencies
  deploy:
    deps: [build, test]
    cmds:
      - ./deploy.sh

  # Dependencies with variables
  advanced-deploy:
    deps:
      - task: build
        vars:
          ENVIRONMENT: production
      - task: test
        vars:
          COVERAGE: true
    cmds:
      - ./deploy.sh

  # Silent dependencies
  main:
    deps:
      - task: setup
        silent: true
    cmds:
      - echo "Main task"

  # Loop dependencies
  test-all:
    deps:
      - for: [unit, integration, e2e]
        task: test
        vars:
          TEST_TYPE: '{{.ITEM}}'
    cmds:
      - echo "All tests completed"

`desc`

Type: string
Description: Short description shown in --list

yaml

tasks:
  test:
    desc: Run unit tests
    cmds:
      - go test ./...

`summary`

Type: string
Description: Detailed description shown in --summary

yaml

tasks:
  deploy:
    desc: Deploy to production
    summary: |
      Deploy the application to production environment.
      This includes building, testing, and uploading artifacts.

`prompt`

Type: string or []string
Description: Prompts shown before task execution

yaml

tasks:
  deploy:
    prompt: "Deploy to production?"
    # or multiple prompts
    prompt:
      - "Are you sure?"
      - "This will affect live users!"

`aliases`

Type: []string
Description: Alternative names for the task

yaml

tasks:
  build:
    aliases: [compile, make]
    cmds:
      - go build ./...

`sources`

Type: []string or []Glob
Description: Source files to monitor for changes

yaml

tasks:
  build:
    sources:
      - '**/*.go'
      - go.mod
      # With exclusions
      - exclude: '**/*_test.go'
    cmds:
      - go build ./...

`generates`

Type: []string or []Glob
Description: Files generated by this task

yaml

tasks:
  build:
    sources: ['**/*.go']
    generates:
      - './app'
      - exclude: '*.debug'
    cmds:
      - go build -o app ./cmd

`status`

Type: []string
Description: Commands to check if task should run

yaml

tasks:
  install-deps:
    status:
      - test -f node_modules/.installed
    cmds:
      - npm install
      - touch node_modules/.installed

`preconditions`

Type: []Precondition
Description: Conditions that must be met before running

yaml

tasks:
  # Simple precondition (shorthand)
  build:
    preconditions:
      - test -f ./src
    cmds:
      - go build ./...

  # Preconditions with custom messages
  deploy:
    preconditions:
      - sh: test -n "$API_KEY"
        msg: 'API_KEY environment variable is required'
      - sh: test -f ./app
        msg: "Application binary not found. Run 'task build' first."
    cmds:
      - ./deploy.sh

`requires`

Type: Requires
Description: Required variables with optional enums

yaml

tasks:
  # Simple requirements
  deploy:
    requires:
      vars: [API_KEY, ENVIRONMENT]
    cmds:
      - ./deploy.sh

  # Requirements with enum validation
  advanced-deploy:
    requires:
      vars:
        - API_KEY
        - name: ENVIRONMENT
          enum: [development, staging, production]
        - name: LOG_LEVEL
          enum: [debug, info, warn, error]
    cmds:
      - echo "Deploying to {{.ENVIRONMENT}} with log level {{.LOG_LEVEL}}"
      - ./deploy.sh

`watch`

Type: bool
Default: false
Description: Automatically run task in watch mode

yaml

tasks:
  dev:
    watch: true
    cmds:
      - npm run dev

`platforms`

Type: []string
Description: Platforms where this task should run

yaml

tasks:
  windows-build:
    platforms: [windows]
    cmds:
      - go build -o app.exe ./cmd

  unix-build:
    platforms: [linux, darwin]
    cmds:
      - go build -o app ./cmd

Command

Individual command configuration within a task.

Basic Commands

yaml

tasks:
  example:
    cmds:
      - echo "Simple command"
      - ls -la

Command Object

yaml

tasks:
  example:
    cmds:
      - cmd: echo "Hello World"
        silent: true
        ignore_error: false
        platforms: [linux, darwin]
        set: [errexit]
        shopt: [globstar]

Task References

yaml

tasks:
  example:
    cmds:
      - task: other-task
        vars:
          PARAM: value
        silent: false

Deferred Commands

yaml

tasks:
  with-cleanup:
    cmds:
      - echo "Starting work"
      # Deferred command string
      - defer: echo "Cleaning up"
      # Deferred task reference
      - defer:
          task: cleanup-task
          vars:
            CLEANUP_MODE: full

For Loops

Loop Over List

yaml

tasks:
  greet-all:
    cmds:
      - for: [alice, bob, charlie]
        cmd: echo "Hello {{.ITEM}}"

Loop Over Sources/Generates

yaml

tasks:
  process-files:
    sources: ['*.txt']
    cmds:
      - for: sources
        cmd: wc -l {{.ITEM}}
      - for: generates
        cmd: gzip {{.ITEM}}

Loop Over Variable

yaml

tasks:
  process-items:
    vars:
      ITEMS: 'item1,item2,item3'
    cmds:
      - for:
          var: ITEMS
          split: ','
          as: CURRENT
        cmd: echo "Processing {{.CURRENT}}"

Loop Over Matrix

yaml

tasks:
  test-matrix:
    cmds:
      - for:
          matrix:
            OS: [linux, windows, darwin]
            ARCH: [amd64, arm64]
        cmd: echo "Testing {{.OS}}/{{.ARCH}}"

Loop in Dependencies

yaml

tasks:
  build-all:
    deps:
      - for: [frontend, backend, worker]
        task: build
        vars:
          SERVICE: '{{.ITEM}}'

Shell Options

Set Options

Available set options for POSIX shell features:

allexport / a - Export all variables
errexit / e - Exit on error
noexec / n - Read commands but don't execute
noglob / f - Disable pathname expansion
nounset / u - Error on undefined variables
xtrace / x - Print commands before execution
pipefail - Pipe failures propagate

yaml

# Global level
set: [errexit, nounset, pipefail]

tasks:
  debug:
    # Task level
    set: [xtrace]
    cmds:
      - cmd: echo "This will be traced"
        # Command level
        set: [noexec]

Shopt Options

Available shopt options for Bash features:

expand_aliases - Enable alias expansion
globstar - Enable ** recursive globbing
nullglob - Null glob expansion

yaml

# Global level
shopt: [globstar]

tasks:
  find-files:
    # Task level
    shopt: [nullglob]
    cmds:
      - cmd: ls **/*.go
        # Command level
        shopt: [globstar]

Schema Reference ​

Root Schema ​

version ​

output ​

method ​

includes ​

vars ​

env ​

tasks ​

silent ​

dotenv ​

run ​

interval ​

set ​

shopt ​

Include ​

taskfile ​

dir ​

optional ​

flatten ​

internal ​

aliases ​

excludes ​

vars ​

checksum ​

Variable ​

Static Variables ​

Dynamic Variables (sh) ​

Variable References (ref) ​

Map Variables (map) ​

Variable Ordering ​

Task ​

Simple Task Formats ​

Task Properties ​

cmds ​

cmd ​

deps ​

desc ​

summary ​

prompt ​

aliases ​

sources ​

generates ​

status ​

preconditions ​

requires ​

watch ​

platforms ​

Command ​

Basic Commands ​

Command Object ​

Task References ​

Deferred Commands ​

For Loops ​

Loop Over List ​

Loop Over Sources/Generates ​

Loop Over Variable ​

Loop Over Matrix ​

Loop in Dependencies ​

Shell Options ​

Set Options ​

Shopt Options ​

Schema Reference

Root Schema

`version`

`output`

`method`

`includes`

`vars`

`env`

`tasks`

`silent`

`dotenv`

`run`

`interval`

`set`

`shopt`

Include

`taskfile`

`dir`

`optional`

`flatten`

`internal`

`aliases`

`excludes`

`vars`

`checksum`

Variable

Static Variables

Dynamic Variables (`sh`)

Variable References (`ref`)

Map Variables (`map`)

Variable Ordering

Task

Simple Task Formats

Task Properties

`cmds`

`cmd`

`deps`

`desc`

`summary`

`prompt`

`aliases`

`sources`

`generates`

`status`

`preconditions`

`requires`

`watch`

`platforms`

Command

Basic Commands

Command Object

Task References

Deferred Commands

For Loops

Loop Over List

Loop Over Sources/Generates

Loop Over Variable

Loop Over Matrix

Loop in Dependencies

Shell Options

Set Options

Shopt Options